Module 10 · Fluency & Real-World Mastery

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3 units · Master-level Spanish

The Imperative — Giving Commands

The imperativo is used for direct commands, instructions, advice, and requests. It has different forms for tú (informal) and usted (formal).

Used for: Recipes ("Add salt"), directions ("Turn left"), advice ("Study more"), signs ("Don't enter"), encouragement ("Go for it!").

Affirmative Tú Commands — Regular

For regular verbs, the affirmative tú command is simply the 3rd person singular present indicative (él/ella form):

Infinitive	Tú command	Example
hablar	¡Habla!	¡Habla más despacio! — Speak more slowly!
comer	¡Come!	¡Come tus verduras! — Eat your vegetables!
escribir	¡Escribe!	¡Escribe tu nombre aquí! — Write your name here!
estudiar	¡Estudia!	¡Estudia para el examen! — Study for the exam!
abrir	¡Abre!	¡Abre la puerta! — Open the door!

Irregular Tú Commands — The 8 Rebels

Infinitive	Tú command	Memory trick
tener	¡Ten!	ten = have
venir	¡Ven!	ven = come
poner	¡Pon!	pon = put
salir	¡Sal!	sal = go out
hacer	¡Haz!	haz = do/make
decir	¡Di!	di = say/tell
ser	¡Sé!	sé = be
ir	¡Ve!	ve = go

Mnemonic: Ven Di Sal Haz Ten Ve Pon Sé — "Ven, di: sal, haz ten, ve, pon, sé" (Come, say: go out, do ten, go, put, be).

Negative Commands & Usted Forms

Negative tú commands use the present subjunctive. Usted commands (both affirmative and negative) also use the subjunctive:

Verb	Aff. tú	Neg. tú	Usted (both)
hablar	¡Habla!	¡No hables!	¡Hable!
comer	¡Come!	¡No comas!	¡Coma!
ir	¡Ve!	¡No vayas!	¡Vaya!
hacer	¡Haz!	¡No hagas!	¡Haga!
decir	¡Di!	¡No digas!	¡Diga!

Pattern: Negative tú = No + subjunctive (tú form). Usted = subjunctive (él/ella form). The subjunctive is everywhere!

The negative tú command of "hablar" is...?

Which is the correct irregular tú command for "venir"?

Advanced Debate & Persuasion Phrases

Move beyond basic opinions with these phrases for structured argumentation:

Spanish	English	Use
Permítame discrepar.	Allow me to disagree.	Formal disagreement
Entiendo tu punto, pero...	I see your point, but...	Acknowledging + rebutting
No cabe duda de que...	There is no doubt that...	Strong assertion
Habría que considerar...	One should consider...	Nuanced suggestion
Lo que quiero decir es...	What I mean is...	Clarifying
Según mi experiencia...	In my experience...	Personal authority

Advanced Idioms & Native Expressions

These idiomatic expressions will make you sound like a native speaker:

Spanish	Literal	Real meaning
No tener pelos en la lengua.	No hairs on the tongue	To speak one's mind
Estar en las nubes.	To be in the clouds	To be daydreaming
Dar en el clavo.	To hit the nail	To be exactly right
Meter la pata.	To put the paw in	To make a mistake / blunder
Tomar el pelo.	To take the hair	To pull someone's leg / joke
Ponerse las pilas.	To put in batteries	To get one's act together

Regional Vocabulary — Spain vs Latin America

The same object can have completely different names depending on the country. Here are the most common differences:

English	Spain	Mexico	Colombia	Argentina
car	coche	carro	carro	auto
computer	ordenador	computadora	computador	computadora
apartment	piso	depto.	apto.	depto.
cool (slang)	mola	chido	bacano	copado
bus	autobús	camión	bus	colectivo

DELE Exam Tips & Course Completion

The DELE (Diploma de Español como Lengua Extranjera) is the official international certification. Here are key strategies:

Reading section

Read questions FIRST, then scan text. Use cognate patterns from Module 9.

Listening section

Focus on keywords, not every word. You hear each audio TWICE — use the first listen for general idea.

Writing section

Use connectors from Module 9. Structure with clear introduction, body, conclusion.

Speaking section

Don't panic with silence. Use filler phrases: bueno, a ver, pues, la verdad es que...